What Should I Feed My Compost Worms?
Upon passing out my card I’m often greeted with the comment “I had some worms once but they all died”.
“Was it something I fed them?”
There may have been other reasons why the worms died but my intention here is to summarise their dietary likes and dislikes.
Tiger worms (Eisenia fetida) also known as compost worms, manure worms, or red wiggler prefer a diet of 70% fruit and vegetables with the remaining 30% made up of carbon (eg. cardboard, paper, paper towels, egg carton etc)
Worms like:
Avocados.
Tea bags.
Aged grass clipping and leaves in moderation.
Coffee grinds.
Crushed egg shells.
Aged animal manures ( eg. horse, cow, sheep and rabbit)
Banana skins.
Fruit (not citrus)
Vegetable waste from kitchen and garden (avoid material that may have residues from chemical sprays)
Vegetable peelings.
Hair.
Watermelon.
# Shredded paper and card board (non glossy)
# Paper towels.
# Toilet roll centres.
# Egg cartons.
# Vacuum dust.
# Note … these items should be soaked in water and then wrung out prior to being used.
Chopping food and other waste into smaller pieces helps to speed up the decomposition process.
Worms don’t like:
Fresh grass clippings produce too much heat and will cook your worms.
Bread & pasta (in smaller stacker type worm farms)
Chicken manure as it’s to potent.
Dairy products.
Flour products.
Kiwi fruit (in excess)
Meat and fish.
Spicy or acidic foods.
Garlic, chili & onions.
Large amounts of cooked food.
Processed food that may have salt and other additives.
Glossy paper or cardboard.
Perfumed or chemically treated tissues.
Treated wood shavings or sawdust.
Pet faeces (risk transfer of disease, better to be safe than sorry)
Feed worms once a week taking care not to over feed as uneaten food will only rot, smell and attract flies.
Adding a handful of garden lime (calcium carbonate) every 3 to 4 weeks will help to maintain a neutral pH level, lower acidity and sweeten the whole mixture. Aerating the contents within your worm farm every month or so also ensures adequate air circulation and reduces bedding compaction.
Ten digits in some rubber gloves is the most effective method as there’s no risk of harming the worms and if you have one damaging the weed mat that lines the inside of a bath tub worm farm.
Worms need air but not light as they are photo phobic.
You can’t go wrong if you treat your worms in the same manner as the politicians treat their constituents “keep em in the dark”.
Finally covering food scraps with dampened newspaper, sacking or old carpet encourages worms to the surface to feed on decomposing matter. This also means that both the bedding and food remain moist and in the dark, just as the worms like it.
If you’re thinking starting a worm farm our Garden Shop is a great place to check out your options.
Interesting worm facts.
Best temperature range for compost worms is 15°C to 25°C.







This post has 10 comments
June 22nd, 2010
Hi
Fab site and great info. Have enjoyed reading many of your atricles.
Now to my question – PowerCo is a large organisation and we are undertaking a major project to reduce waste and recycle. Part of this project involves starting a worm farm (in our New Plymouth Office)and I just wanted to clarify why bread and ‘cakes’ are not ideal food in the worm farm ?(I am thinking of the engineers who bring their lunches to work and perhpas don’t eat all of their ‘sammies’)
Also there must be a limit to the amount of tissue that can be added to a worm farm? Once again thinking of the no of people in the office and the amount of tissues used in the winter months. Plus would the fact the some are Aloe or anit viral tissues?
Hoping you can enlighten us.
Many thanks and look forward to hearing from you.
Kind regards
Dianne
June 22nd, 2010
Hi Dianne …
Will do my best to answer your question but wish to qualify my answer firstly by making the following point.
I’m assuming you are going to use a large worm farm based on the fact that it’s a large company. This being the case your will be able to feed worms food that would not be suitable in a smaller type bin such as the stacker ones I sell or say a Can O Worms type.
As bread and cakes are processed foods they will be OK but in moderation only as you want to keep things as natural as possible.
Standard tissues and paper towels are also fine and a farm of a reasonable size can deal with fairly large amounts of these. I would suggest avoiding those that may have under gone any form of chemical treatment such as the anti viral as these could have dire effects.
Hope this helps and good luck with the new worm farm …. having worms is lots of fun.
November 9th, 2010
Hi Rodney, We are trying to be more green at work and started a compost collection, I was putting it in my compost bin, but this is now overflowing, so I am looking at a worm farm instead. I have an old bathtub and some recycled wood and was looking at your plan, how many worms should I buy to get started? I think my main challenge will be educating my co-workers to put their orange peel in a different bin! looking forward to lots of extra delicious fruit and veg from the worm tea later. Linzi in Chch
November 9th, 2010
Hi Linzi … would suggest starting it off with 1000 grams of tiger worms and don’t over do the feeding until the numbers multiply. Good luck with your new venture …
November 10th, 2010
Thanks Rodney, someone locally is selling 5kg’s of tiger worms, guess this would be more than enough to get me started?
November 26th, 2010
Hi all,
I share this with you all, since I started cutting into small pieces everything that goes into my compost bins, the breakdown of product has really speeded up.Especially the hard stalks of caulies,cabbages etc. You may think this is all extra work but the end results speak for themselves. A sharp heavy duty knife is essential of course. The worm population in the heaps is very high and they are munching away night and day enjoying themselves!
Regards
Ross
November 30th, 2010
I have lots of avairy birds, chooks, chickens, ducks and ducklings. Will my featheed friends eat tiger worms?
December 5th, 2010
Yes I’m sure they will however I’m no expert as far as avairy birds are concerned. Think meal worms are more suitable in these situations.
January 30th, 2012
Hi Rodney,
You may remember me from a year and a half ago, as I asked you some questions when setting up my bathtub worm farm. I’ve had mixed success so I’m back looking at your site for tips. I had a big population explosion early on and it did very well in the first year. But since last winter the population has fallen way back and hasn’t recovered. I hadn’t been removing any solids from the tub as there always was plenty of room for adding more food scraps. I’ve been adding a bucket of food scraps every week or 2. 2 weeks ago I removed about 30% of the material and started fresh at on end of the tub with some fresh newspaper strips and a new layer of food scraps. I was a bit surprised the worms didn’t seem to go for it so I mixed in some of the old material to get the worms into the fresh scraps. I was just looking at your list of the food the worms like and don’t like. I knew about citrus fruit and onions so generally avoided these as much as possible. But I didn’t realise bread, pasta, flour products, cooked foods where on the ‘bad’ list and all these things have gone into my scrap bucket. I’, a bit surprised by this as I always imagined that bread and flour would be great for worms, but interesting to find out otherwise. I’ll have a go at improving their diet and see how I get on.
Cheers,
Aidan
January 30th, 2012
I avoid processed foods as it’s difficult to know what additives are being used and the effects it may have on the worms.